https://read.qxmd.com/read/39394974/associations-between-methamphetamine-use-disorder-and-slc18a1-slc18a2-bdnf-and-faah-gene-sequence-variants-and-expression-levels
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Associations between methamphetamine use disorder and SLC18A1 , SLC18A2 , BDNF , and FAAH gene sequence variants and expression levels.
Alexandre A Guerin, Briana Spolding, Kiymet Bozaoglu, Courtney Swinton, Zoe Liu, Bruna Panizzutti Parry, Trang Truong, Brian Dean, Andrew J Lawrence, Yvonne Bonomo, Eric J Nestler, Peter J Hamilton, Michael Berk, Susan Rossell, Ken Walder, Jee Hyun Kim
INTRODUCTION: Assessing candidate gene sequence variations and expression helps to understand methamphetamine use disorder and inform potential treatments. We investigated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and gene expression in four candidate genes: SLC18A1, SLC18A2, BDNF, and FAAH, between controls and people with methamphetamine use disorder. METHODS: Fifty-nine participants (29 people with methamphetamine use disorder and 30 controls) completed a clinical interview, cognitive tasks, and provided a blood sample...
39394974
2024: Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/39219339/examining-the-influence-of-team-based-learning-on-medical-students-comprehension-and-attitudes-regarding-psychedelic-therapies
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Examining the influence of team-based learning on medical students' comprehension and attitudes regarding psychedelic therapies.
Shiven Chaudhry, Anne E Weisman, Molly Hagen, Kathryn L S Pauli, Burton J Tabaac
INTRODUCTION: This study evaluates the impact of a two-hour team-based learning (TBL) curriculum on medical students' knowledge, comprehension, ethical understanding, and attitudes towards psychedelic therapies. METHODS: Sixty-three pre-surveys and fifty post-surveys assessed students' perceived knowledge and attitudes using Likert scales. Forty-eight matched pre/post-knowledge tests with multiple-choice questions quantified changes in comprehension. The TBL approach featured independent learning, team readiness assessments, and application exercises...
39219339
2024: Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/39150448/should-dietary-restrictions-be-imposed-on-alzheimer-s-disease-patients-affected-by-type-2-diabetes
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Should dietary restrictions be imposed on Alzheimer's Disease patients affected by type 2 diabetes?
Cristina Ștefănescu, Michael Davidson
INTRODUCTION: Antidiabetic drugs, reduction of carbohydrates intake, maintaining normal weight and physical activity are the cornerstone of diabetes 2 treatment. METHODS: This opinion article is not intended to challenge hundreds of studies unequivocally demonstrating the benefits of a healthy lifestyle including appropriate diet in controlling the consequences of T2DM. The article questions whether the benefits of dietary restrictions for the management of T2D in older adults who are already demented, are worth the potential detrimental effects on quality of life for the patients and their caregivers, as well as the effects of dietary restrictions on frailty, sarcopenia...
39150448
2024: Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38963341/predictive-values-of-pre-treatment-brain-age-models-to-rtms-effects-in-neurocognitive-disorder-with-depression-secondary-analysis-of-a-randomised-sham-controlled-clinical-trial
#4
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Predictive values of pre-treatment brain age models to rTMS effects in neurocognitive disorder with depression: Secondary analysis of a randomised sham-controlled clinical trial.
Hanna Lu, Jing Li, Sandra Sau Man Chan, Suk Ling Ma, Vincent Chung Tong Mok, Lin Shi, Arthur Dun-Ping Mak, Linda Chiu Wa Lam
INTRODUCTION: One major challenge in developing personalised repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is that the treatment responses exhibited high inter-individual variations. Brain morphometry might contribute to these variations. This study sought to determine whether individual's brain morphometry could predict the rTMS responders and remitters. METHODS: This was a secondary analysis of data from a randomised clinical trial that included fifty-five patients over the age of 60 with both comorbid depression and neurocognitive disorder...
38963341
2024: Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38837043/the-impact-of-testosterone-lowering-medication-on-recidivism-in-individuals-convicted-of-sexual-offenses
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
The impact of testosterone-lowering medication on recidivism in individuals convicted of sexual offenses.
Julia Sauter, Laura M Lingenti, Martin Rettenberger, Daniel Turner, Peer Briken, Tatjana Voß
INTRODUCTION: Treatment of individuals who have committed sexual offences with Testosterone-Lowering Medication (TLM) is a comparatively intrusive kind of intervention, which regularly takes place in coercive contexts. Thus, the question of efficacy, but also the question of who should be treated, when and for how long, are of great importance. METHODS: Recidivism rates of TLM-treated high-risk individuals (+TLM; n = 54) were compared with high-risk individuals treated with psychotherapy only in the same forensic outpatient clinic (-TLM; n = 79)...
38837043
2024: Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38829782/microcephaly-type-22-and-autism-spectrum-disorder-a-case-report-and-review-of-literature
#6
REVIEW
Microcephaly type 22 and autism spectrum disorder: A case report and review of literature.
Jiqiang Ma, Yu'e Liu, Kaijun Zhao
INTRODUCTION: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder with a multifaceted etiology. This case report explores the ischemic cryptogenic vascular dissection as a potential underlying cause of ASD. METHODS: A 9-year-old child presented with symptoms of ASD, including social interaction difficulties, repetitive behaviors, and cognitive challenges. Despite conventional ASD treatments, significant improvement was only observed after addressing an underlying ischemic cryptogenic vascular dissection identified through DCE-CT...
38829782
2024: Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38767966/a-global-neuronal-workspace-model-of-functional-neurological-disorders
#7
REVIEW
A global neuronal workspace model of functional neurological disorders.
Lionel Naccache, Esteban Munoz-Musat
We introduce here a general model of Functional Neurological Disorders based on the following hypothesis: a Functional Neurological Disorder could correspond to a consciously initiated voluntary top-down process causing involuntary lasting consequences that are consciously experienced and subjectively interpreted by the patient as involuntary. We develop this central hypothesis according to Global Neuronal Workspace theory of consciousness, that is particularly suited to describe interactions between conscious and non-conscious cognitive processes...
38767966
2024: Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37994794/urbanicity-and-psychotic-disorders-facts-and-hypotheses
#8
REVIEW
Urbanicity and psychotic disorders: Facts and hypotheses.
Baptiste Pignon, Andrei Szöke, Benson Ku, Maria Melchior, Franck Schürhoff
In the present qualitative literature review, we summarise data on psychotic disorders and urbanicity, focusing particularly on recent findings. Longitudinal studies of the impact of urbanicity on the risk for psychotic disorders have consistently shown a significant association, with a relative risk between 2 and 2.5. However, most of the original studies were conducted in Western Europe, and no incidence studies were conducted in low- and middle-income countries. European studies suggest that neighbourhood-level social fragmentation and social capital may partly explain this association...
37994794
December 2023: Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37916739/neural-correlates-of-negative-life-events-and-their-relationships-with-alcohol-and-cannabis-use-initiation
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Neural correlates of negative life events and their relationships with alcohol and cannabis use initiation.
Yihong Zhao, Marc N Potenza, Susan F Tapert, Martin P Paulus
OBJECTIVE: Negative life events (NLEs), e.g., poor academic performance (controllable) or being the victim of a crime (uncontrollable), can profoundly affect the trajectory of one's life. Yet, their impact on how the brain develops is still not well understood. This investigation examined the National Consortium on Alcohol and Neurodevelopment in Adolescence (NCANDA) dataset for the impact of NLEs on the initiation of alcohol and cannabis use, as well as underlying neural mechanisms. METHODS: This study evaluated the impact of controllable and uncontrollable NLEs on substance use initiation in 207 youth who initiated alcohol use, 168 who initiated cannabis use, and compared it to 128 youth who remained substance-naïve, using generalised linear regression models...
37916739
December 2023: Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37837439/an-overview-of-the-use-of-psychoactive-substances-among-students-at-the-university-of-lille-during-the-covid-19-health-crisis-results-of-the-petra-study
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
An overview of the use of psychoactive substances among students at the University of Lille during the COVID-19 health crisis: Results of the PETRA study.
Louise Carton, Axel Bastien, Nathalie Chérot, Clément Caron, Sylvie Deheul, Olivier Cottencin, Sophie Gautier, Sophie Moreau-Crépeaux, Thibaut Dondaine, Régis Bordet
OBJECTIVES: Students represent a population at risk for substance abuse. That risk may have been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to describe substance abuse among students and to compare consumption according to the university field. METHODS: A self-administered questionnaire was sent by email to all students at the University of Lille, France, between March and July 2021. This anonymous questionnaire included questions about sociodemographic characteristics, university courses and the use of psychoactive substances (frequency, reasons, routes of administration) since the first university year...
37837439
December 2023: Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37796239/current-pharmacotherapy-approaches-and-novel-gabaergic-antidepressant-development-in-postpartum-depression
#11
REVIEW
Current pharmacotherapy approaches and novel GABAergic antidepressant development in postpartum depression.
Sara V Carlini, Lauren M Osborne, Kristina M Deligiannidis
Postpartum depression has deleterious effects on childbearing persons globally. Existing treatments have been largely extrapolated from those for other forms of depression and have included pharmacotherapy, psychotherapy, and neuromodulation. Hormonal treatments with oestrogen and progestogens, thought to be a rational approach to treatment in response to an emerging literature on the pathophysiology of postpartum depression, have only limited evidence for efficacy to date. Novel antidepressant development with allopregnanolone analogues, in contrast, has proven a promising avenue for the development of rationally designed and efficacious treatments...
37796239
December 2023: Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37594217/neural-mechanisms-linked-to-treatment-outcomes-and-recovery-in-substance-related-and-addictive-disorders
#12
REVIEW
Neural mechanisms linked to treatment outcomes and recovery in substance-related and addictive disorders.
Gemma Mestre-Bach, Marc N Potenza
The present review focuses on potential neural mechanisms underlying recovery from psychiatric conditions characterised by impaired impulse control, specifically substance use disorders, gambling disorder, and internet gaming disorder. Existing treatments (both pharmacological and psychological) for these addictions may impact brain processes, and these have been evaluated in neuroimaging studies. Medication challenge and short-term intervention administration will be considered with respect to treatment utility...
37594217
December 2023: Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37497602/independent-effects-of-posttraumatic-stress-disorder-diagnosis-and-metabolic-syndrome-status-on-prefrontal-cortical-thickness-and-subcortical-gray-matter-volumes
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Independent effects of posttraumatic stress disorder diagnosis and metabolic syndrome status on prefrontal cortical thickness and subcortical gray matter volumes.
Hilmar Klaus Luckhoff, Stefan du Plessis, Heuvel Leigh van den, Robin Emsley, Soraya Seedat
INTRODUCTION: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are associated with overlapping brain structural differences. These often involve brain structures involved in the regulation of appetite, food intake, satiety, and reward processing. We examined the individual and interactive effects of PTSD diagnosis and MetS on cortical thickness and subcortical gray matter volumes in patients with PTSD ( n = 104) compared to trauma-exposed controls ( n = 97)...
37497602
December 2023: Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37427882/suicidality-risk-after-using-cannabis-and-cannabinoids-an-umbrella-review
#14
REVIEW
Suicidality risk after using cannabis and cannabinoids: An umbrella review.
Ahmad Shamabadi, Ali Ahmadzade, Kasra Pirahesh, Alireza Hasanzadeh, Hassan Asadigandomani
The increasing prevalence and burden of suicide have led to numerous studies to identify its risk factors. Cannabis is the most common illicit substance detected in suicide victims' toxicology tests. This study aims to identify and appraise systematic reviews investigating suicidality after using cannabis and cannabinoids. Seven databases and two registries were searched without restrictions for systematic reviews investigating cannabis effects on suicidality. AMSTAR-2 was used for quality assessment and corrected covered area and citation matrix were used to determine overlap...
37427882
December 2023: Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37390849/polysomnographic-parameters-in-long-covid-chronic-insomnia-patients
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Polysomnographic parameters in long-COVID chronic insomnia patients.
Alexandre Rouen, Jonathan Taïeb, Gabriela Caetano, Victor Pitron, Maxime Elbaz, Dominique Salmon, Damien Leger
INTRODUCTION: While COVID-19 is predominantly considered to be an acute self-remitting disease, it has been pointed out that a variety of symptoms can linger for several months, a phenomenon identified as long-COVID. Insomnia is particularly prevalent in long-COVID. In the present study, we aimed at confirming and characterising insomnia in long-COVID patients through polysomnography and to identify whether its parameters differ from patients with chronic insomnia and no long-COVID history...
37390849
December 2023: Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37190759/connectome-based-prediction-of-craving-in-gambling-disorder-and-cocaine-use-disorder
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Connectome-based prediction of craving in gambling disorder and cocaine use disorder.
Stephanie Antons, Sarah W Yip, Cheryl M Lacadie, Javid Dadashkarimi, Dustin Scheinost, Matthias Brand, Marc N Potenza
INTRODUCTION: Craving, involving intense and urgent desires to engage in specific behaviours, is a feature of addictions. Multiple studies implicate regions of salience/limbic networks and basal ganglia, fronto-parietal, medial frontal regions in craving in addictions. However, prior studies have not identified common neural networks that reliably predict craving across substance and behavioural addictions. METHODS: Functional magnetic resonance imaging during an audiovisual cue-reactivity task and connectome-based predictive modelling (CPM), a data-driven method for generating brain-behavioural models, were used to study individuals with cocaine-use disorder and gambling disorder...
37190759
December 2023: Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36924413/effects-of-intermittent-theta-burst-transcranial-magnetic-stimulation-on-cognition-and-hippocampal-volumes-in-bipolar-depression
#17
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Effects of intermittent theta-burst transcranial magnetic stimulation on cognition and hippocampal volumes in bipolar depression.
Ivan J Torres, Ruiyang Ge, Alexander McGirr, Fidel Vila-Rodriguez, Sharon Ahn, Jayasree Basivireddy, Nazlin Walji, Sophia Frangou, Raymond W Lam, Lakshmi N Yatham
INTRODUCTION: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is increasingly used to treat neurocognitive symptoms in mood disorders. Intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) is a brief version of TMS that may preferentially target cognitive functions. This study evaluated whether iTBS leads to cognitive improvements and associated increased hippocampal volumes in bipolar depression. METHODS: In a two-site double-blind randomised sham controlled trial (NCT02749006), 16 patients received active iTBS to the Left Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex (DLPF) and 15 patients received sham stimulation across four weeks...
36924413
December 2023: Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36817972/independent-component-analysis-for-internet-gaming-disorder
#18
REVIEW
Independent component analysis for internet gaming disorder.
Gemma Mestre-Bach, Roser Granero, Fernando Fernández-Aranda, Susana Jiménez-Murcia, Marc N Potenza
Introduction: There is a growing interest in the study of the neurobiological correlates of internet gaming disorder (IGD), and new techniques are beginning to be implemented for this purpose, such as independent component analysis (ICA). Aims: The present narrative review aimed to explore the studies that had used ICA for the study of the different brain networks possibly associated with IGD. Methods: We specifically focussed on three of the main networks: default-mode network, executive-control and salience networks...
36817972
2023: Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36698618/exercise-addiction-a-narrative-overview-of-research-issues
#19
REVIEW
Exercise addiction: A narrative overview of research issues.
Aviv Weinstein, Attila Szabo
This narrative overview summarises the work on exercise addiction (EA) over the past 12 years and exposes critical conceptual and methodological issues. More than 1000 articles exist on EA, conceptualised as uncontrolled training harming the individual. Still, EA has no clinical diagnosis criteria at this time. Research is increasing continuously, but it is stale in advancing knowledge. Scalar measurement and lack of differentiation between addictive and instrumental exercise could be reasons for insufficient progress...
36698618
2023: Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37522807/the-world-federation-of-societies-of-biological-psychiatry-guidelines-on-the-assessment-and-pharmacological-treatment-of-compulsive-sexual-behaviour-disorder
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
The World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry guidelines on the assessment and pharmacological treatment of compulsive sexual behaviour disorder.
Daniel Turner, Peer Briken, Joshua Grubbs, Leo Malandain, Gemma Mestre-Bach, Marc N Potenza, Florence Thibaut
OBJECTIVES: The current guidelines aim to evaluate the role of pharmacological agents in the treatment of patients with compulsive sexual behaviour disorder (CSBD). They are intended for use in clinical practice by clinicians who treat patients with CSBD. METHODS: An extensive literature search was conducted using the English-language-literature indexed on PubMed and Google Scholar without time limit, supplemented by other sources, including published reviews. RESULTS: Each treatment recommendation was evaluated with respect to the strength of evidence for its efficacy, safety, tolerability, and feasibility...
37522807
December 2022: Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience
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